Citation Before Or After Period

In this case the entire quote must be indented and the period goes before the parentheses. This structure works particularly well with quotes since the citation at the end clearly indicates which words appeared in the original. Under the author date referencing system a book is cited in the text in parentheses after the section sentence or paragraph for which the book was used as a source using the surname of the author and the year of publication only with the parentheses closing before the period as in author 2005.

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Either a cite the source in parentheses after the quotation s final punctuation or b cite the author and year in the narrative before the quotation and place only the page number in parentheses after the quotation s final punctuation.

Citation before or after period. Block quotations are necessary when you have a direct quote that is over 4 typed lines long. Place the citation before the period at the end of the borrowed information but after quotation marks in a direct quote as in this example. The punctuation for the sentence goes after the parenthesis. On the other hand a superscript number like a footnote cue is placed after the full stop.

A complete citation is then placed at the. The only time the period does not go after the parentheses is when you use a block quotation. Do not add a period after the closing parenthesis in either case. For numbered references which i believe is more common in computer science the guide does not specifically mention the placement but from the examples given brackets are placed before the full stop like this 1.

If your quote is forty words or more set it off in a block text by beginning a new line indenting one inch and do not add quotation marks. The decision belongs to the director alone smith 2012. At the end of the quote put the period after the last word of the sentence followed by the parentheses.